Evaluación de medios de cultivo y tipos de envases para almacenaje en la producción de Beauveria bassiana en Finca Santa Anita, Zunilito, Suchitepéquez.

Calel Hernández, Pedro Leonardo (2019) Evaluación de medios de cultivo y tipos de envases para almacenaje en la producción de Beauveria bassiana en Finca Santa Anita, Zunilito, Suchitepéquez. Other thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

Finca Santa Anita is located in the municipality of Zunilito in the department of Suchitepéquez, 175 km from Guatemala City, at coordinates North latitude 14 ° 39'2.16 "and west longitude 91 ° 29'34.1", at 1198 m. height above sea level. (amsl), with an extension of 135.39 hectares of which 131.45 hectares are occupied with the coffee crop Coffea arabica, with the varieties, Caturra, Catuaí, Sarchimor and Borbón. Finca Santa Anita not having different control alternatives for the Hypothenemus hampei F. coffee berry borer, many times the plague shoots up towards its high levels of population, mainly affecting coffee fruits, causing high levels of economic losses in the production on the farm. According to the importance value of the problems detected within the farm, it was determined, among which the problem with the coffee borer Hypothenemus hampei F., is the one that stands out for the economic losses that this insect represents, being able to notice in a sampling carried out in the month of February 27% of infestation. If you look for the economic side are 1237.14 quintals of coffee cherry affected from the 4590 obtained in the 2016-2017 harvest according to the yields obtained within the farm corresponding to 257 quintals of coffee parchment. This in the local market achieves a total of Q192,879.00 at a price of Q750.00 per quintal for the aforementioned harvest. Therefore, the methodology of the biological control of the insect Hypothenemus hampei F. was implemented through the production and use of the fungus Beauveria bassiana. Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic agent that contributes to the biological control of Hypothenemus hampei F., this insect being susceptible to the attack of this entomopathogen. For the production of the fungus, an artisan laboratory was implemented that served as an experimentation center to evaluate six different culture media (organic substrates); broken corn, rice, poultry manure, sorghum, coffee pulp, and corn flour, and where three different containers were used for storage; (plastic bags resistant to high temperatures of two pounds, bottles of glass of a liter and bottles pets of 2.5 liters).

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