Evaluación de residuos de cosecha combinados con herbicidas para el control de malezas en Saccharum officinarum L. Poaceae “caña de azúcar” Ingenio Tululá, San Andrés Villaseca, Retalhuleu.

Villalobos Ixcal, Oscar Geovany (2021) Evaluación de residuos de cosecha combinados con herbicidas para el control de malezas en Saccharum officinarum L. Poaceae “caña de azúcar” Ingenio Tululá, San Andrés Villaseca, Retalhuleu. Other thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

SUMMARY Ingenio Tululá S.A. It is located in the municipality of San Andrés Villaseca, Retalhuleu, at the geographic coordinates of 14 ° 33'25 "north latitude and 90 ° 35'03" west longitude, 220 meters above sea level. It is dedicated to the production of cultivation of Saccharum officinarum L. Poaceae "sugar cane" to produce the raw material for the production of rums and liqueurs that are marketed nationally and internationally. It has the ISO 9001 certification, which indicates that the productions must be sustainable and friendly to the environment; Reason why, Tululá mill is eliminating the burning of the cane fields and harvesting green. Green harvesting leaves residues in the field that range between 13 and 18 tons / ha, which, combined with herbicide applications, can reduce the applications and costs of weed control. Based on the above, the research evaluated three levels of agricultural crop residues, RAC, (0, 13, and 18 ton / ha) combined with 6 different frequencies of herbicide application (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days), generating 18 treatments, ordered in a bifactorial experiment, in a random block design with a strip arrangement. The results were obtained that with 18 ton / ha of harvest residue and without applying herbicide on the Tululá farm, weed coverage is controlled until 25 days after harvest. Statistically 13 and 18 ton / ha of residues combined with herbicide application at 25-30 days has control over weeds up to 70 days. By not burning and using the residue that left the harvest green and applying post-emergence herbicide after 30 days, costs were reduced by 48% since the number of applications that are planned for crop management decrease, eliminating the application pop-up post and reburn. Thus, the mill complies with sustainable management by mitigating the use of chemicals. Finally, when you have crop residues on the ground, the weed bank changes, with species from the broad-leaved group predominant.

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