Caracterización de suelos del cultivo Musa x paradisiaca L. Musaceae “banano” en finca Bellamar 05, municipio de Tiquisate, Escuintla, Guatemala

Tezó Monterroso, Maria del Pilar (2022) Caracterización de suelos del cultivo Musa x paradisiaca L. Musaceae “banano” en finca Bellamar 05, municipio de Tiquisate, Escuintla, Guatemala. ["eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_engd" not defined] thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

SUMMARY Finca Bellamar 05 is owned by the HAME group, which was established in 2009. It is located in the municipality of Tiquisate, department of Escuintla. It has an area of 323.5 hectares, all cultivated with bananas, at an initial spacing of 2.5 m x 2.5 m, and a population density of 1,600 plants/ha. Finca Bellamar 05 commonly uses productivity maps to reflect the production results obtained in the different areas. This has made it possible to differentiate the areas where there are low productions, a situation that motivated the development of a soil survey in order to know the physical, chemical and organic matter characteristics, comparing them with said map. The soil survey consists of a cabinet and field phase, serving for the preparation of the base map and recognition of management units, through the variables color and texture of the soil, such as the slope of the place, generating three regions on the farm. With the regions defined, the criterion of Cortez, A., (s.f.) was applied, of one test pit per hundred hectares for a soil survey at a semi-detailed level (1:25,000). In total, seventeen test pits were made. Readings were taken from each test pit and soil samples were extracted, transferred to the farm's laboratory for physical, chemical and organic matter analysis. Obtaining the field and laboratory results, it was determined that the soils belong to the Molisol order of alluvial origin with plain microtopography. The physical characteristics present similarities between regions such as: slope and stoniness, however, the superficial drainage in the High and Medium region with the Low region does present a difference. In the soils, it is observed that the predominant texture in each region is sandy loam, however, the Low area has a higher percentage of sand than the other regions.

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