Evaluación de Ocho Fungicidas para el Control de Muerte Subita Ocasionada por Fusarium sp. y Verticilium sp. En Cultivo de Macadamia integrifolia, Finca María del Pilar, Colomba Costa Cuca, Quetzaltenango.

Sánchez Noj, Ricardo Antonio (2023) Evaluación de Ocho Fungicidas para el Control de Muerte Subita Ocasionada por Fusarium sp. y Verticilium sp. En Cultivo de Macadamia integrifolia, Finca María del Pilar, Colomba Costa Cuca, Quetzaltenango. ["eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_engd" not defined] thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

SUMMARY Finca María del Pilar is located in the Nueva Santa Rosa farmhouse in the municipality of Colomba Costa Cuca, department of Quetzaltenango, bordering to the north with the city of Colomba and the El Transito farm, to the west with the Nueva Santa Rosa farmhouse, and to the east with the La Perla farm and to the southwest with La Fama farm. The main activity of the practice unit is the commercial production of M. integrifolia, the production unit is divided into five sections, Esperanza, Esmeralda, Trinidad, San José and Guadalupe. In the five sections of the farm, it is notable that trees suffer from sudden death disease, determining through sampling that the incidence in the Esperanza section is 16.41% of diseased trees (the economic damage threshold is 15 to 20%). Compared to the other sections that reported a lower percentage of incidence. Therefore, an evaluation was carried out, with applications of eight fungicides, using an experimental design of Completely Randomized Blocks, with three repetitions, occupying an area of 5.43 ha. Each experimental unit was made up of 20 trees. Eight treatments were evaluated, including an absolute control (no application) and a relative control (Carbendazim). The phytopathological analyzes that were carried out, determined that the causal agents of sudden death that presented in symptoms in the trees of the María del Pilar farm, is caused by the fungi Verticilium sp. and Fusarium sp. Statistically with a significance of 0.05 the null hypothesis is accepted, that is to say that all the treatments present the same effect in terms of the variable incidence percentage response. The treatments (T1…..to T8) reduce the percentage of incidence and work as a preventive for trees with symptoms of sudden death; In addition, regarding the variable response to severity, treatment with T6 reduced severity by 10%. In this treatment, two trees were recovered that were in Severity Scale 2 (moderately diseased) with a percentage of 26 to 50% severity, going to Severity Scale 1 (mildly diseased) from 1 to 25% of damage.

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