Evaluación de las condiciones actuales de las fuentes de recurso hídrico de la aldea Xesaná, Santa María Chiquimula, Totonicapán.

Ajú López, Federico (2023) Evaluación de las condiciones actuales de las fuentes de recurso hídrico de la aldea Xesaná, Santa María Chiquimula, Totonicapán. ["eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_engd" not defined] thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

Abstract In the southern part of the municipality of Santa María Chiquimula, the Xesaná village is located, where there are several sources of water resources. Currently there is a lack of systematized information on the subject, so it was necessary to collect data that contribute to estimating the available water flows to satisfy human needs and the environment in general. For this reason, the objective of this research was to evaluate the current conditions of the sources of water resources in the Xesaná village, Santa María Chiquimula. For this, several activities were carried out, such as; the collection of information according to the qualitative and quantitative method; based on forest inventory, volumetric gauging, checklist of physical characteristics, in addition to the projection of geographic coordinates. The research was oriented to the evaluation of the water resource to estimate the availability of water, with the purpose of making pertinent decisions for its adequate and opportune use for human and livestock consumption and for agriculture. Priority was given to 16 springs in the upper parts of the Xesaná village, evidencing the decrease in their flows due to excessive logging in the areas where the springs are located. The main results indicate that the forest cover in the area of the water sources, known as Regalo de Dios, presents notorious degradation. The maximum flow was 2,528 Liters per second (L/s) at the Centro Uno spring. The area where the evaluated springs are located is vulnerable to sheep grazing and lacks forest trees that help retain and infiltrate water. Therefore, it is important to improve current conditions through reforestation, raising awareness among the population, as well as proper management of solid waste, to avoid contamination of water outcrops.

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