Caracterización del daño de plagas y enfermedades que afectan al fruto de Theobroma cacao L, Malvaceae, “cacao”, en Finca la Cruz, Cuyotenango, Suchitepéquez.

Mazariegos Calderón, José Daniel (2024) Caracterización del daño de plagas y enfermedades que afectan al fruto de Theobroma cacao L, Malvaceae, “cacao”, en Finca la Cruz, Cuyotenango, Suchitepéquez. Other thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

Summary The present investigation was developed on the La Cruz farm, which is located in the municipality of Cuyotenango, in the department of Suchitepéquez. With the objective of characterizing the damage of pests and diseases that affect the fruit of Theobroma cacao L, Malvaceae, “cacao. The damage from pests and diseases that affect the fruit of T. cacao L. cacao was characterized through systematized sampling in all the lots through routes taking samples of the fruits that showed symptoms of damage by pests and diseases, the fruits with symptoms of some disease were placed in humid chambers using the green apple methodology (Erwin and Ribeiro, 1996), to determine the phytopathogenic agent in the laboratory of the University Center of the South West (CUNSUROC) for plant protection, the research began from February to December of the year 2022 in the dry season and rainy season. To catch the causal agent of pest damage, colored nylon traps (blue, white and yellow) were placed with vegetable oil, placing traps in every 10 rows and a trap was placed in every 15 plants in the same row. Traps were placed at a height of 1.5 meters from the soil surface. Then the samples of the different insects found in the traps were collected and placed in jars, to later be evaluated and determined in the CUNSUROC plant protection laboratory. The incidence and severity of the main pests and diseases that affect the fruit of T. cacao L. cacao were measured, the incidences were determined by the formula, number of affected fruits divided total of healthy fruits plus affected fruits and the severity was determined through severity scales.

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