Determinación de la incidencia de Erwinia spp, “pepita negra” en un agroecosistema ambiental de Mangifera indica L. Anacardiaceae en finca Santa Isabel, San José El Ídolo, Suchitepéquez.

LUCAS RODRÍGUEZ, MARÍA PIEDAD (2024) Determinación de la incidencia de Erwinia spp, “pepita negra” en un agroecosistema ambiental de Mangifera indica L. Anacardiaceae en finca Santa Isabel, San José El Ídolo, Suchitepéquez. Other thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

SUMMARY In Santa Isabel farm, San José El Ídolo, Suchitepéquez, the investigation was carried out in Mangifera indica L. Anacardiaceae Tommy Atkins with the incidence of Erwinia spp. "black nugget", taking into account the history of the diseases registered in the year 2018 to 2020, (Finca Santa Isabel, 2018). In 2020, incidences of up to 20 percent were found, which affected approximately 12,500 fruits in total, so we proceeded to characterize the environment of the Agroecosystem of Mangifera indica, in order to determine the relationship of abiotic factors with the incidence of Erwinia spp., "black pip", within the Santa Isabel farm. Soil sampling and subsampling were carried out, as well as collection of climatic data such as temperature, rainfall and relative humidity. Pit pits and a description of the soil characteristics (slope, pH, stoniness, color, area and texture) were made. A total of 320 M. indica trees were sampled to determine the incidence and severity of the disease, and then incidence distribution maps were prepared. Environmental groups were formed and edaphoclimatic data were correlated with incidence. According to the physical and chemical analyzes of soils, the clay-sandy loam texture has higher incidence values of “black seed”, since the soils are compacted due to their use and with poor drainage. Climatic factors (temperature, rain and relative humidity) are suitable conditions for the development of the disease. The incidence of the “black seed” is not homogeneous in the environmental groups that were formed on the farm, It is necessary to carry out a more extensive observation of the behavior of the edaphoclimatic factors and the incidence of the “black seed” in each environmental group, as well as to carry out more detailed studies on this disease that allow evaluating other plant organs that are infected, thus taking relevant control measures.

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