Evaluación de reguladores de crecimiento en porta injertos (patrones) de Macadamia integrifolia, Proteaceae, y distintos porcentajes de sustrato en vivero de finca San Vicente Patzulín y Anexos S.A., El Palmar, Quetzaltenango

Xicay López, Wilson Adrian (2024) Evaluación de reguladores de crecimiento en porta injertos (patrones) de Macadamia integrifolia, Proteaceae, y distintos porcentajes de sustrato en vivero de finca San Vicente Patzulín y Anexos S.A., El Palmar, Quetzaltenango. Other thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

SUMMARY This research was conducted at the nursery located in the San Vicente Patzulín and Anexos S.A. farm, located in the municipality of El Palmar, department of Quetzaltenango, Guatemala. During the diagnosis of the current situation in the period of the Supervised Professional Practice of the Universidad San Carlos de Guatemala (Xicay, 2022), a 45% reduction in the production of plants for annual deliveries was observed due to the poor development of foliage and stem thickness. The problem was centered on the rootstocks obtained by seeds; these rootstocks were not available in time because they did not reach the height and thickness required for the grafting process, generating a deficit for the fulfillment of the annual delivery goals that the farm has for both internal and external dispatch; therefore, testing the efficiency of these different types of growth regulators in terms of the longitudinal development and thickness of plants with different soil proportions was necessary to have a documented precedent of their efficiency. The results of this research showed that the plants treated with an auxin solution applied in a substrate of 70% sand and 30% soil had a mean height of 67.67 cm compared to: the leachate solution applied to a 30% - 70% substrate which had a mean of 63.33; and the auxin solution applied in a 30%-70% substrate with a mean height of 61.33 cm. In terms of root volume, the treatment with auxins and a 70%-30% substrate obtained a volume of 111.67 ml, while the treatment with leachate and a 30%-70% substrate had a mean volume of 110 ml; and the worst treatment was the cytokinin with a 30%-70% substrate because its volume was a mean of 70 ml. In economic terms, profitability was obtained with the leachate treatment with a profitability of 68%, while the treatment with auxins obtained a profitability of 57%, having a difference between both of 11.2%. Based on the results of this research, a protocol can be established for the production of macadamia rootstocks in the Patzulín farm, which would allow them to develop a height and thickness suitable for grafting in the nursery.

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