Evaluación de dos modalidades de riego por aspersión en Saccharum officinarum, Poaceae “Caña de azúcar”, en fincas del Ingenio Tululá, San Andrés Villaseca, Retalhuleu.

Quiñónez Melgar, Eduardo Roberto (2024) Evaluación de dos modalidades de riego por aspersión en Saccharum officinarum, Poaceae “Caña de azúcar”, en fincas del Ingenio Tululá, San Andrés Villaseca, Retalhuleu. Other thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were two types of sprinkler irrigation, high and low pressure in Saccharum officinarum, Poaceae “sugar cane”, in farms of the Tululá Sugar Mill in the municipality of San Andrés Villa Seca, Retalhuleu; as part of the Supervised Professional Exercise (EPS) of the Agronomy Engineering Degree at the University of San Carlos of Guatemala (CUNSUROC). From the beginning of the research, three specific objectives were set, being the characterization of the operating parameters in the low and high pressure sprinklers, the analysis of agronomic efficiency and the comparison of application costs. For its development, 10 low-pressure irrigation systems were evaluated, and for the high-pressure system, 10 systems were also taken, currently being the two sprinkler systems that the Tululá Sugar Mill has for the application of irrigation sheet. Obtaining the following results of agronomic efficiency in the low pressure mode, Finca San Caralampio section two has 78.61%, the data being greater than 76% established by Gurovich (1985), which is considered in an optimal range; for the high pressure modality Finca Tululá section 17 has 80.19%; Likewise, it was determined that the high pressure irrigation system has a consumption of 79,257.54 gallons of fuel and an operating cost of Q2,377,726.20, it is more efficient in the application of irrigation since 22.28% losses were obtained due to climatic factors compared to the low pressure irrigation system that was 49.02%. Likewise, the average efficiency of irrigation sheet application was obtained for the low pressure system, which was 74.93% and for the high pressure system, it was 81.93%, which is considered low data since Gurovich (1985) establishes that the optimal range is 90%. The adequate application of irrigation sheet in the cultivation of sugar cane, Saccharum officinarum, not only guarantees optimal development, but also contributes significantly to increased production, improved crop quality and efficiency in the use of resources.

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