Evaluación de seis densidades de siembra con toletes en caña de azúcar saccharum officinarum, en finca las Varitas, San Bernardino, Suchitepéquez.

Yotz Chica, José Angel (2018) Evaluación de seis densidades de siembra con toletes en caña de azúcar saccharum officinarum, en finca las Varitas, San Bernardino, Suchitepéquez. Other thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

SUMMARY The present evaluation on planting densities in sugarcane Saccharum officinarum was carried out in Las Varitas farm of the Palo Gordo mill in the municipality of San Bernardino, Suchitepéquez; the general objective was to determine the effect of six densities of sowing with sticks on the quality and yield in metric tons per hectare of sugarcane and as a secondary objective to determine the best cost benefit ratio among the treatments. The sticks used were cuttings of cane stalks with two hydro thermally treated buds. The experimental design used was complete block randomly, with 4 repetitions, the treatments consisting of six different densities of seeding with sticks (6, 8, 10, 12, 14 buds per linear meter), with one control (14 buds / linear m). ). The experimental unit was constituted of 806.4 m2 (6 furrows distanced to 1.40 m between them by 96 meters long), making a total of 24 experimental units. The total area of the experiment was 19,353.6 m2 equivalent to 1.94 ha. For the evaluated variables that were determined was; seed quality (% germination, stem diameter, stem height, number of primary sprouting / linear m), there is no significant difference at 5% between all treatments. For the cane yield variable (tm / ha) it was established that there is no significant difference at 5% between the treatments. In the economic study the density of sowing with sticks of 8 buds per linear meter (treatment 2) was the one that presented the best benefit - cost ratio 1.32, and a yield of 92.56 metric tons of sugarcane per hectare. This same density surpassed the commercial control, reducing 4.4 metric tons of seed during sowing per hectare in relation to the control that uses 8.9 tons of seed; this treatment offers a difference in the net income of Q 792,98 / ha, which is the most economical for its incorporation and the one with the best economic benefit. The density of sowing with sticks of 8 buds per linear meter (treatment 2) had a production cost of Q 15,515.46, an income of Q 20,406.00 and presented a profitability of 32%, this being the most profitable.

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