Evaluación de tres insecticidas biológicos para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis Thripidae “trips” en el cultivo de Macadamia integrifolia en finca Plantaciones Altamira, San Francisco Zapotitlán, Suchitepéquez.

Calderón Mateo, Manuel Eduardo (2025) Evaluación de tres insecticidas biológicos para el control de Frankliniella occidentalis Thripidae “trips” en el cultivo de Macadamia integrifolia en finca Plantaciones Altamira, San Francisco Zapotitlán, Suchitepéquez. Other thesis, USAC.

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Abstract

SUMMARY The research evaluated the use of three biological insecticides based on entomopathogenic fungi, which were: Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea. In the same way, three application doses were evaluated for each bioinsecticide, the doses were derived from the dosage range recommended by the manufacturer (according to colony forming units and liters per hectare), being divided into minimum dose, medium dose and maximum dose. This research was carried out in the "La Grande" sector of the Plantaciones Altamira farm, located in the municipality of San Francisco Zapotitlán, in the department of Suchitepéquez, at an average height of 1,400 meters above sea level. The variables measured were three; control percentage, number of trips and fruit setting. To measure them, a sample was taken before and one after each of the three applications carried out, this to determine how the trip population was and how it turned out after each treatment evaluated. To carry out the sampling, the macadamia inflorescence was shaken on a sheet of paper, then the trips found on the leaf were counted. To measure the variable fruit set, four inflorescences per macadamia tree were marked, one per cardinal point; After 50 days, the count was made to know the fruit set. Treatment four was the one that presented the greatest control over the response variables; percentage of trip control and fruit set. This was made up of the bioinsecticide Beauvista 2 SC at a dose of 2.10 liters per hectare. The application cost of this treatment was Q1,290.56/ha. Regarding the response variable of the number of thrips per inflorescence, the treatment that presented the greatest control was three, made up of the biological insecticide Vistaisaria 2 SC (Isaria fumosorosea) and its minimum application dose of 1.07 liters per hectare. The application cost of this treatment was the lowest of the nine evaluated, with a value of Q1,120.61/ha. Although there was no significance in any of the evaluated treatments, they did show differences in the results of thrips control percentage, number of thrips per inflorescence, set fruit, and especially in the costs per treatment. The main objective of the research is to reduce the population of thrips F. occidentalis in the Macadamia M. integrifolia crop at the Plantaciones Altamira farm, using biological products to avoid causing damage to the farm's apiaries that are responsible for pollination.

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